Denobulan/Language: Difference between revisions

Denobulan/Language (view source)

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Pholin

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@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 | style="font-style:italic;" | Affricates
 | style="text-align: center; background-color:#efefef;" |
-| style="text-align: center;" | t͡s
+| style="text-align: center;" | t͡s d͡z
 | style="text-align: center; background-color:#efefef;" |
 | style="text-align: center; background-color:#efefef;" |
@@ Line 67: / Line 67: @@
 * The glottal plosive is only placed between two of the same vowel phones.
 * The pre-nasalized plosives [ⁿd] and [ᵑg] are relics of Denobulan's proto-language and can only be found word-initially nowadays. Second language speakers often struggle pronouncing these two phonemes.
-* The affricate [t͡s] is often pronounced as the palato-alveolar affricate [t͡ʃ] or sometimes [d͡ʒ] due to Federation Standard influences.
+* The affricates [t͡s] and [d͡z] are often pronounced as the palato-alveolar affricate [t͡ʃ] and [d͡ʒ] due to Federation Standard influences.
+** The affricate [d͡z] is sometimes analyzed as dialectal, as it is an extremely rare consonant.
 * There are no voiced fricatives in Denobulan, although most speakers pronounce fricatives between two vowels as voiced phonemes, which are written phonetically as [β], [z] and [ɦ].
 * The bilabial fricative [ɸ] sounds like Federation Standard's [f] but does not include the lower teeth touching the upper lip.
@@ Line 73: / Line 74: @@
 * The bilabial approximant [β̞] sounds like Federation Standard's [w] but does not include pushing the tongue back to the velar.
 * The lateral approximant [l] never velarizes, unlike in Federation Standard (compare "<u>l</u>ab" and "ba<u>ll</u>", the latter is velarized).
+[[File:DenobulanVowelChart.png|thumb|right|x225px|Denobulan's vowels visualized in a chart.]]
 ===Vowels===
-There are eight vowels in Denobulan. The language also distinguishes some vowels by length. Long vowels are spoken for a longer amount of time. The language has no diphthongs. The following table shows the vowel phonemes of Denobulan:
+There are eight vowels in Denobulan. The language also distinguishes some vowels by length. Long vowels are spoken for a longer amount of time and sometimes also differ in quality. The language has no diphthongs, meaning there can be only one vowel per syllable. The following tables shows the vowel phonemes of Denobulan:
+<div style="display: inline-table; margin-right: 30px;">
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Short
+! Front
+! Back
+|-
+| style="font-style:italic;" | High
+| style="text-align: center;" | ĭ
+| style="text-align: center;" | ŭ
+|-
+| style="font-style:italic;" | Mid
+| style="text-align: center;" | ɪ
+| style="text-align: center;" | ɔ̝
+|-
+| style="font-style:italic;" | Low
+| style="text-align: center;" colspan=2 | ɑ̈
+|}
+</div>
+<div style="display: inline-table;">
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Vowels
+! Long
 ! Front
 ! Back
 |-
 | style="font-style:italic;" | High
-| style="text-align: center;" | i iː
+| style="text-align: center;" | i
-| style="text-align: center;" | u uː
+| style="text-align: center;" | u
 |-
 | style="font-style:italic;" | Mid
-| style="text-align: center;" | ɛ e
+| style="text-align: center;" | e
-| style="text-align: center;" | ɔ
+| style="text-align: center;" | -
 |-
 | style="font-style:italic;" | Low
 | style="text-align: center;" colspan=2 | ä
 |}
+</div>
 ====Notes====
-* The short high front vowel [i] loses its quality and becomes [ɪ] in some dialects.
+* All vowels have a short and long form, except [ɔ̝], which has no long version.
-* The vowels /i/ and /u/ are distinguished by length grammatically; even though there is a slight difference in length between [ɛ] and [e], these are two distinct vowels not grammatically distinguished by length.
+* High vowels [i] and [u] do not change in quality between short and long vowels. They only differ in length.
-* The mid back vowel [ɔ] becomes the schwa [ə] when unstressed.
+* The mid vowel [ɪ] is the short form of [e], not to be confused with [ĭ].
-* The low vowel [ä] can be realized in multiple ways.
+* The mid back vowel [ɔ̝] becomes the schwa [ə] when unstressed. In stressed situations, this vowel sounds like a mix of [ɔ] and [o], being between the two.
-** Some dialects distinguish short [ɑ] and long [ä]; this is non-standard, however, it is prevalent in some words adopted into the common language.
+* Vowels will be nasalized slightly when succeeded by nasal consonants. The nasal consonants afterward are still pronounced, though.
-** In other dialects, it might be pronounced as [a], [ɐ] or [ɑ].
-* Vowels will be nasalized slightly when succeeded by nasal consonants. The nasal consonants are still pronounced.
 ===Romanization===